La Organización Internacional de Normalización (ISO) ha creado un nuevo estándar global, el ISO16890, que define la clasificación y los procedimientos de prueba de los filtros para el aire empleados en sistemas generales de ventilación. En especial, el ISO16890 se refiere a los elementos para filtrar el aire considerando partículas con dimensiones comprendidas entre 0,3 μm y 10 μm (ver la tabla).
El nuevo estándar, en vigor definitivamente a partir del mes de agosto de 2018, sustituye la actual Normativa Europea EN 779 y la ASHRAE 52.2, predominante en los Estados Unidos, con el fin de crear una única normativa mundial, dividida en 4 clases inherentes a las prestaciones del filtro respecto de tres tamaños distintos de partículas con un tanto por ciento más focalizado, que indica la eficiencia del filtro.
Las principales diferencias entre el estándar ISO16890 y los actuales residen sobre todo en las pruebas, que serán más severas, con el consiguiente aumento de la CAI, y el hecho de que el polvo más fino objeto de la clasificación, el PM1, sea también el más peligroso para la salud humana. Filtros con una eficiencia elevada, que retienen dicho polvo, contribuirán, por consiguiente, a mejorar la calidad del aire que respiramos.
Clasificación:
Group | Class | Reference Value | Final ΔP (Pa) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ePM1 min | ePM2,5 min | ePM10 | |||
0,3 ≤ x ≤ 1 | 0,3 ≤ x ≤ 2,5 | 0,3 ≤ x ≤ 10 | |||
ISO Coarse | – | – | < 50% | Initial gravimetric arrestance | 200 |
ISO ePM10 | – | – | ≥ 50% | ePM10 | 300 |
ISO ePM2,5 | – | ≥ 50% | – | ePM2,5 | 300 |
ISO ePM1 | ≥ 50% | – | – | ePM1 | 300 |
Comparación EN779 – ISO16890
EN779:2012 | ISO16890 |
---|---|
Compressed air capacity between 0,24 m3/s (850 m3/h) and 1,5 m3/s (5400 m3/h) | Compressed air capacity between 0,25 m3/s (900 m3/h) and 1,5 m3/s (5400 m3/h) |
F9, F8, F7, M6, M5, G4, G3, G2, G1 | ePM1, ePM2,5, ePM10, ISO Coarse are the maximum particle concentrations |
Dp = 0,4 μm | 0,3 μm ≤ Dp ≤ 10 μm |
The minimum efficiency (ME) defines the filtering classes between F7-F9 | The average efficiency (EA) is the average between the initial efficiency (Ei) and the discharged efficiency (Ed) |
Ed from average samples (F7-F9) on liquid isopropanol | Ed from complete filter with isopropanol vapours |
The dust built-up is calculated up to a final pressure of 450 Pa | PM10 < 50% – Δpfinal = 200 Pa PM10 ≥ 50% – Δpfinal = 300 Pa |
Dust: ASHRAE | Dust: ISO A2/Fine AC |
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